VRENCE 


For  review  and  bibliographical  note  see 
Numismatic  Circular  Vol.  LXXIII.  No.11.pg.252 
November 


THE  LIBRARY 

OF 

THE  UNIVERSITY 
OF  CALIFORNIA 

LOS  ANGELES 


r 


MEDALS 


BY 


GIOVANNI  CAVING, 


THE    'PADUAN.' 


BY 


RICHARD    HOE     LAWRENCE. 


NEW  YORK : 
PRIVATELY  PRINTED. 

1883. 


Stack 
Annex 


5015342 


PRINCIPAL  AUTHORITIES  CONSULTED. 

ARMAND,  Alfred. — Les  medailleurs  italiens  des  quinzieme  et 
seizieme  siecles.  Deuxieme  edition.  Paris,  1883.  2  vols.  8°. 

BOLZENTHAL,  Heinrich. — Skizzen  zur  Kunstgeschichte  der  moder- 
nen  Medaillen-arbeit  (1429-1840).  Berlin,  1840.  30  pis.  12°. 

CICOGNARA,  Leopoldo. — Storia  della  scultura  dal  risorgimento 
delle  belle  arti  in  Italia  fino  al  secolo  di  Napoleone.  Venezia,  1813- 
18.  131  pis.  3  vols.  f°. 

COHEN,  Henry. — Description  historique  des  monnaies  frappees 
sous  1'empire  remain,  communement  appelees  medailles  imperiales. 
Paris,  1859-68.  120  pis.  7  vols.  8°. 

Deuxieme  edition.  Paris  1880-82.  Vols.  I.  &  II.  8°. 


Du  MOLINET,  Claude. — Cabinet  de  la  Bibliotheque  de  Sainte- 
Genevieve.  Paris,  1692.  ills.  f°. 

GAETANI,  Pier-Antonio. — Museum  Mazzuchellianum,  seu  numis- 
mata  virorum  doctrina  prsestantium  quse  apud  Jo.  Mariam  Comitem 
Mazzuchellum  Brixiae  servantur  a  Petro  Antonio  de  Comitibus 
Gaetanis. .  .edita,  atque  illustrata.  Accedit  versio  Italica  studio 
Equitis  Casimi  Mei  elaborata.  Venetiis,  1761-63.  208  pis.  2  vols.  f°. 

KEARY,  C.  T. — A  guide  to  the  Italian  medals  exhibited  in  the 
King's  Library  [British  Museum].  London,  1881.  7  pis.  8°. 

LITTA,  Pompeo. — Famiglie  celebri  Italiane.  Milano,  1819-1852. 
ills.  8  vols.  f°. 

MONTIGNY,  C.  de. — Des  faussaires.  Jean  Cavino  et  Alex.  Bassiano, 
Padouans.  In  Le  Cabinet  de  1'Amateur  et  de  1'Antiquaire.  Paris, 
1842-46.  I.,  pp.  385-414  ;  IV.,  pp.  9-30.  ills. 


GIOVANNI  CAVINO. 


Giovanni  Cavino,  an  Italian  medallist,  contemporary  with  Ben- 
venuto  Cellini,  was  born  at  Padua  in  1499  or  1500.  We  know 
almost  nothing  of  his  life.  It  is  probable  that  his  medals  were  all 
executed  in  Padua,  where  he  resided  until  his  death  in  1570.  He 
was  buried  in  the  church  of  S.  Giovanni  di  Verdara,  and  for  a  long 
time  the  stone  bound  by  an  iron  ring,  which  he  used  in  coining, 
was  preserved  in  that  church.  He  left  a  son,  Vincenzo,  who  seems 
to  have  aided  him  during  the  last  years  of  his  life,  and  who  prob- 
ably continued  to  use  his  dies  after  his  death. 

Cavino's  medals  are  very  numerous.  Many  of  them  bear  portraits 
of  distinguished  jurists  of  Padua  and  of  professors  at  the  Uni- 
versity. But  his  best  known  and  most  numerous  works  are  his  imi- 
tations of  Roman  large-brass  coins  and  medallions  which  are  known 
as  "Paduans." 

1  The  imitation  of  Roman  art  seems  from  an  early  period  to  have 
been  traditional  at  Padua,  which  contained  one  of  the  greatest 
universities  of  Europe.  The  earliest  Italian  medals  were  struck  in 
that  city  and  are  quite  classical  in  style.  In  the  case  of  Cavino, 
this  close  adherence  to  the  style  of  his  Roman  models  is  very 
marked  and  it  prevented  him  from  equalling  the  best  medallists  of 
his  period  as  an  artist  in  portrait  medals.  At  the  same  time  it  en- 
abled him  to  produce  very  perfect  copies  of  Roman  coins.  In  this 
last  work  he  was  assisted  by  his  friend,  Alessandro  Bassiano,  a 
scholar  and  antiquarian  of  Padua,  of  whom  little  is  known,  except 
that  he  left  in  manuscript  the'  lives  of  the  twelve  Caesars.  We  learn 
of  their  association  from  a  medal  struck  about  1540  to  commem- 
orate the  event  (No.  79). 

One  hundred  and  twenty-two  of  Cavino's  dies  have  been  pre- 
served and  are  at  present  in  the  Bibliotheque  Nationale  at  Paris. 
They  were  brought  from  Italy  in  the  seventeenth  century  by  Th. 
Lecomte,  who  obtained  them  from  the  Lazzara  family  of  Padua, 
and  who  bequeathed  them  to  the  Abbey  of  Sainte  Genevieve  in 
1670.  They  are  described  and  illustrated  by  Claude  du  Molinet 
in  his  work,  entitled  :  Le  Cabirlet  de  la  Bibliotheque  de  Sainte 
Genevieve.  Paris,  1692,  f° 

Cavino's  imitative  medals  were  not  originally  designed  as  forgeries, 
and  it  was  against  his  wishes  that  they  were  passed  off  as  genuine 
antiques.  But  as  such  many  of  them  found  their  way  into  the  most 
celebrated  collections  of  Europe  and  were  the  subjects  of  numerous 
dissertations.  Even  during  the  present  century  several  of  them  were 


6  GIOVANNI    CAVING. 

regarded  as  antique  by  such  numismatists  as  Mionnet  and  Bar- 
th^lemy. 

The  greater  number  of  the  coins  usually  termed  "  Paduans " 
are  cast  from  moulds  and  are  of  little  value  and  easily  detected  ; 
but  the  pieces  struck  from  Cavino's  dies  possess  much  artistic  merit 
and  are  often  not  readily  distinguishable  from  ancient  coins.  There 
are,  however,  several  general  points  of  difference  which  become  ap- 
parent after  careful  comparison  with  the  genuine  coins.  The 
"  Paduan  "  is  usually  too  round  and  regular,  and  the  flan  is  too 
thin  ;  the  dots  of  the  border  or  engrailment  are  large  and  in  irreg- 
ular relief ;  the  letters  are  flat  and  square,  especially  N  ;  M  is 
broad  at  the  base  and  narrow  at  the  top  ;  H  and  D  are  square  and 
heavy,  and  A  and  V  are  too  narrow  and  sharp.  The  coins  struck  by 
Cavino  himself  (the  dies  were  used  after  his  death)  are  usually 
composed  of  red  and  yellow  copper,  poorly  alloyed. 

Several  of  Cavino's  medals  are  found  in  silver  ;  but  most  of  the 
examples  in  this  metal  have  been  melted  down  in  later  times, 
consequently  but  few  of  them  have  been  preserved. 

All  of  Cavino's  medals  are  rare,  imitative  pieces  as  well  as  portrait 
medals,  and  all  are  worthy  of  preservation  as  the  work  of  an  Italian 
medallist  of  the  sixteenth  century. 


IMITATIVE    MEDALS. 


No.  7. 

IMITATIVE  MEDALS. 

JULIUS  CESAR. 

1.  C  •  CAESAR  -  DICTATOR.      Bust    of  Julius  Caesar  1.,   laureate  ; 

above,  in  front,  star  ;  behind,  lituus. 

Rev.  VENI  VIDI  VICI  in  three  lines  within  palm  and  laurel 
wreath. 

Large-brass.  This  reverse  is  not  found  on  ancient  coins.  Cohen,  VI., 
p.  556.  Keary,  117. 

2.  C  •  CAESAR  •  DICT  •  PERPETVO.     Similar  type  r. 

Rev.    L     BVCA.     Caduceus  and  fasces  crossed,  globe,  axe, 

and  two  hands  clasped. 

Large-brass.  The  reverse  of  this  coin  is  imitated  from  a  denarius  struck 
by  L.  Aemilius  Buca.  Montigny,  i . 

JULIUS  CAESAR  and  AUGUSTUS. 

3.  Similar  obverse. 

Rev.     DIVVS  •  AVGVSTVS  •  PATER.    Bust   of  Augustus    1., 
laureate. 
Large-brass.     There  are  no  genuine  coins  with  these  types.     Montigny,  2. 

AUGUSTUS. 

4.  DIVVS  •  AVGVSTVS  •  PATER.     Bust  of  Augustus  1.,  laureate. 

Rev.  OB  •  GIVES  -£ER  inscribed  on  a  shield  within  an 
oak-wreath  supported  by  two  capricorns  ;  beneath,  globe 
and  rudder  ;  S  •  C.  *%• 

Large-brass  There  are  no  genuine  coins  of  Augustus  with  this  Reverse. 
Montigny,  3.  Cohen,  2d  Ed.,  I.,  p.  104,  No.  302.  Keary,  118. 

In  addition  to  Cavino's  pieces 'there  are  modern  dies  of  three  medallions 
of  Augustus  : 

i.— DIVVS  •  AVGVSTVS  P  P,  Head  of  Augustus  1.,  laureate. 
Rev.  Temple  with  six  columns,  adorned  with  numerous  statues,  and 
statue  within  ;  in  the  tympanum  of  the  pediment,  S  •  P  •  Q  •  Rt  Modern 
invention.  Cohen,  I.,  p.  69,  No.  259.  and  pi.  III.  ;  VII.,  p.  6,  No.  259. 

2.— Similar  obverse.  Rev.  CIVIB  •  ET  SIGN  MILIT  •  A  • 
PART  •  RECVP.  Triumphal  arch.  Imitated  from  a  denarius.  Cohen, 
VI.,  p.  559,  note.  Cf.  Cohen,  2d  Ed.,  I.,  p.  75,  No.  82. 


8  IMITATIVE    MEDALS. 

3.— Obverse  similar  to  No.  4.  Rev.  PROVIDENT.  Altar.  Imi- 
tated from  a  middle-brass,  struck  under  Tiberius.  Cohen,  I.,  p.  71,  No. 
272  ;  2d  Ed.,  I.,  p.  94,  No.  228. 

TIBERIUS. 

5.  Tl   •  CAESAR   •  AVGVSTI    •  F  •  IMPERATOR  -V.      Bust  of  Ti- 

berius 1. 

Rev.   ROME  •  T  •  AVG.     The  altar  of  Lyons. 

Large-brass.  Imitation  of  a  genuine  coin,  punctuated  in  a  similar  way 
on  the  reverse.  Montigny,  4.  Cohen,  I.,  p.  123,  No.  39  :  VII.,  p.  19, 
No.  9;  2d  Ed-,  I.,  p.  192,  Nos.  28  and  29.  Keary,  119.  Friedlaender, 
Ein  Verzeichniss  von  Griechischen  falschen  Munzen.  .  .Berlin,  1883.  p.  9. 
There  is  another  fine  modern  large-brass  coin  of  Tiberius,  the  obverse  of 
which  is  imitated  from  a  middle-brass,  the  reverse  from  a  large-brass 
having  for  obverse  the  letters  5  .  C  surrounded  by  an  inscription  :  yj  . 
CAESAR  DIVI  AVC  F  AVCVST  IMP  VIM.  Head  of 
Tiberius  1.  Rev.  CIVITITABVS  ASIAE  RESTITVTIS  -S  C- 
Tiberius  seated  1.  holding  sceptre  and  patera.  Cf.  Cohen,  I.,  Nos.  23  and 
51  ;  2d  Ed.  I.,  p.  189,  Nos.  2  and  3. 

ANTONIA. 

6.  ANTONIA  •  AVGVSTA.     Bust  of  Antonia  r.,  draped. 

Rev.  Tl  •  CLAVDIVS  •  CAESAR  •  AVG  •  P  •  M  •  TR  •  P  • 
IMP. — S-  C.  Veiled  figure  standing  1.,  holding  simpuvium. 
Middle-brass.  Imitation  of  a  coin  struck  under  Claudius.  The  veiled 
figure  on  the  reverse  of  the  genuine  coin  represents  Antonia  in  the  character 
of  a  vestal  virgin,  while  on  the  "  Paduan  "  the  figure  is  bearded  and  re- 
sembles Claudius.  With  this  exception  it  is  one  of  the  most  perfect  of 
Cavino's  imitative  coins.  Montigny,  in  Le  Cabinet  de  1'Amateur,  IV.,  p 
9.  Cohen,  I.,  p.  136,  No.  6  ;  2d  Ed.,  I.,  p.  223,  No.  6. 

AGRIPPINA  senior. 

7.  AGRIPPINA  •  M  •  F  •  MAT  •  C  •  CAESARIS  •  AVGVSTI.      Bust  of 

Agrippina  r.,  draped. 

Rev.  S  •  P  •  Q  •  R  •  MEMORIAE  •  AGRIPPINAE.  Carpentum 

1.,  drawn  by  two  mules. 

Large-brass.  Imitation  of  a  genuine  coin.  Montigny,  6,  and  illus.  on 
p.  400.  Cohen,  I.,  p.  142,  No.  i ;  2dFd.,  I.,  p.  231,  No.  i. 

8.  AGRIPPINA  •  M  •  F  •  GERMANICI  •  CAESARIS.  Similar  bust. 

Rev.  Same. 

Large-brass.  Imitation  of  a  genuine  coin.  Keary,  120.  Cf.  Cohen,  2d 
Ed.,  I.,  p.  231,  No.  2.  These  large-brass  coins  of  Agrippina  are  the  most 
beautiful  of  all  Cavino's  imitative  coins. 

CALIGULA. 

9.  C  •  CAESAR  •  DIVI  •  AVG  •   PRON  •  AVG  •  P  •  M  •  TR  •  P  •  Illl  • 

P  •  P  .     Bust  of  Caligula  1.,  laureate. 

Rev.  AGRIPPINA  DRVSILLA  IVLIA.— S  •  C.  The  three 
sisters  of  Caligula  standing  facing,  as  Securitas,  leaning  on 
column,  Concordia,  holding  patera,  and  Fortuna,  holding 
rudder  ;  each  holds  cornucopia. 


IMITATIVE    MKDAI.S.  g 

Large-brass.  This  obverse  and  reverse  are  not  found  together  on  genuine 
coins.  Montigny,  II.  Cohen,  I.,  p.  148,  No.  13;  2(1  Ed.,  1.,  p.  237, 
No.  4. 

10.  C  •  CAESAR  •  AVG  •  GERMANICVS  •  P  •  M  •  TR  •  POT.      Head 

of  Caligula  1. 

A't'i1.  Similar  type,  without  S  •  C. 

Denarius.  There  are  no  genuine  silver  or  gold  coins  with  this  reverse. 
Montigny,  12.  Cohen,  2d  Ed.,  I.,  p.  237,  No.  4. 

1 1.  C  •  CAESAR  •  DIVI  •  AVG   •  PRON  •  AVG  •   P  •  M  •  TR  •  P  •  III  • 

P  '   P. — PIETAS.       Pietas   seated   1.,   holding  patera;    1.   arm 

resting  on  female  statue. 

Rev.  DIVO  •  AVG. — S  •  C.  Caligula  standing  1.,  sacrificing 
at  an  altar,  attended  by  two  persons,  one  leading  a  bull, 
the  other  holding  patera  ;  behind,  temple  of  six  columns, 
ornamented  with  garlands  and  statues. 

Large-brass.      Imitation  of  a  genuine  coin.     The    "  Paduan  "    is  sometimes 

found  countermarked  with  the  letters    N  •  C  •  A  •  P  •  R.      Montigny,  10. 

Cohen,  I.,  p.  149,  No.  19;  2d.  Ed.,  p.  238,  No.  10. 

12.  C  •  CAESAR  •  DIVI  •  AVG  •  PRON  •  AVG  •  P  •  M  •  TR  •  P  •  III  • 

P  •  P.      Head  of  Caligula  1.,  laureate. 
Rcr.   Same. 

Large-brass.  This  obverse  and  reverse  are  not  found  together  on  ancient 
coins.  Montigny,  7.  Cohen,  I.,  p.  149,  note  I  ;  2d  Ed.,  I.,  p.  238, 
note  I . 

13.  Similar  obverse. 

Rev.  ADLOCVT  •  COM.— S  •  C.  The  emperor  standing  1., 
addressing  five  soldiers,  who  carry  standards  surmounted  by 
eagles. 

Large-brass.  All  the  genuine  coins  of  Caligula  with  this  reverse  are  with- 
out the  letters  S  •  C.  Montigny,  8.  Cohen,  I.,  p.  147,  No.  10  ;  2d  Ed., 
I.,  p-  236,  No.  i. 

Cavino  designed  four  varieties  of  the  Adlocutio  type,  which  he  used  indis- 
criminately for  the  different  emperors. 

i. °— ADLOCVT  •  COM  S  C.  Emperor  standing  1.,  addressing 
five  soldiers  who  carry  standards  surmounted  by  eagles. 

2.° — ADLOCVT  •  S  •  C.  Emperor  standing  r.,  upon  a  platform,  ad 
dressing  soldiers  armed  with  spears  ;  behind  the  emperor  stands  a  male 
figure. 

3.°— ADLOCVT  •  S  •  Ci  Emperor  standing  1.,  upon  a  platform,  ad- 
dressing soldiers  who  carry  standards. 

4.° — ADLOCVTId  Emperor,  accompanied  by  two  persons,  standing 
upon  a  platform,  addressing  soldiers  ;  behind,  horse. 

CLAUDIUS. 

,4.  Tl  -CLAVDIVS  -CAESAR  •  AVG  •  P  •  M  -  TR  •  P  •  IMP-  P  •  P. 
Head  of  Claudius  r.,  laureate. 

Rev.  NERO  •  CLAVDIVS  •  DRVSVS  •  GERMAN  •  IMP.— S  • 
C.  Triumphal  arch  surmounted  by  the  equestrian  statue  of 
Prusus  r.,  between  two  trophies. 


10  IMITATIVE    MEDALS. 

Large-brass.     Imitation  of  a  genuine  coin.     Montigny,  5.   Cf.  Cohen,  I., 
p.  164;  No.  80;  2d  Ed.,  I.,  p.  254,  No.  48. 

15.  Similar  obverse. 

Rev.  SPES  •  AVGVSTA.— S  •  C.  Spes  standing  1.,  extending 
her  hand  toward  the  emperor  who  stands  between  two  sol- 
diers. 

Large-brass.     This  reverse  belongs  to  Vespasian,  No.  34.     Montigny,  13. 

Cohen,  2d  Ed.,  II.,  p.  223,  No.  1408. 

NERO. 

16.  NERO  •  CLAVD  •  CAESAR  •  AVG  •  GER  •  P  •  M  •  TR  •  P  •  IMP  • 

P  •  P.     Bust  of  Nero  r.,  laureate. 

Rev.  ANNONA  •  AVGVSTI  -CERES— S  •  C.  Ceres  seated 
1.,  holding  torch  and  ears  of  corn  ;  before  her  stands  Annona 
holding  cornucopia,  resting  r.  hand  on  her  hip  ;  between 
them,  an  altar  with  modius  upon  it  ;  in  the  background,  a 
prow  r. 

Large-brass.  Imitation  of  a  genuine  coin.  Montigny,  14.  Cohen,  I.,  p. 
186,  No.  79;  zd  Ed.,  I.,  p.  279.  No.  14. 

Cavino  engraved  two  dies  with  the  head  of  Nero,  both  having  the  same  in- 
scription, but  on  one  the  head  is  bearded,  while  the  other  is  without  beard. 

17.  Similar  obverse. 

Rev.  DECURSIO. — S  •  C.  Nero  on  horseback  riding  r. 
holding  spear,  and  followed  by  a  horseman  bearing  standard 

Large-brass.  Imitation  of  a  genuine  coin.  Montigny,  15.  Cohen,  L,p. 
191,  No.  122;  2d  Ed.,  I.,  p.  285,  No.  83.  Keary,  121. 
In  addition  to  the  '  Paduan '  there  is  another  modern  die  with  the  Decursio 
type,  of  the  size  of  the  denarius,  which  has  been  used  for  gold,  silver  and 
bronze.  Obv.  NERO  CAESAR  AVG  •  C  IMP.  Head  of  Nero  r., 
laureate.  Rev.  DECVR.  The  emperor  on  horseback  riding  r. ,  with 
couched  spear,  followed  by  a  foot-soldier  ;  before  him,  a  fallen  soldier  with 
spear  and  shield.  Cf.  Cohen,  2d  Ed.,  I.,  p.  285,  Note  I.  * 

1 8.  Similar  obverse. 

Rev.  AVGVSTI.— S  •  POR  •  OST  •  C.  The  Port  of  Ostia, 
within,  seven  ships ;  above,  lighthouse,  surmounted  by  a 
statue  ;  below,  the  river  Tiber  reclining,  holding  oar  and 
dolphin. 

Large-brass.  The  genuine  coin  with  similar  obverse  has  eight  ships  on  the 
reverse.  Montigny,  16.  Cohen,  I.,  p.  187,  No.  95  ;  2d  Ed.,  I.,  p.  281, 
No.  38. 

19.  Similar  obverse. 

Rev.  ADLOCVT  •  COH.— S  •  C  Emperor  standing  1.  ad- 
dressing five  soldiers  who  carry  standards  surmounted  by 
eagles. 

Large-brass.  This  variety  of  the  Adlocutio  is  not  found  on  the  genuine 
coins  of  Nero.  Montigny,  17.  Cf,  npte  to  No.  13. 


IMITATIVE    MEDALS.  II 


GALBA. 


20.  IMP  -  SER  •  SVLP  •  GALBA  •  CAES  •  AVG  •  TR  •  POT.    Bust  of 

Galba  r.,  1'aureate. 

Rev.     HONOS  •  ET  •  VIRTVS.— S  •  C.     Honos  and    Virtus 

standing,  face  to  face  ;  Honos  holds  sceptre  and  cornucopia  ; 

Virtus  in  armor,  holds  spear  and  sword,  and  foot  on  helmet. 

Large-brass.     Genuine  coins  with  this  reverse  have  a  different  inscription  on 

the  obverse.      Montigny,  18.     Cohen,  I.,  p.  232,  No.   133  ;  2d  Ed.,  I.,  p. 

325,  No.  92. 

21.  Similar  obverse. 

Rev.     ADLOCVT -COM.— S  •  C.      Emperor   addressing   his 

soldiers. 

Large-brass.  The  genuine  coins  of  Galba  with  the  Adlocutio  reverse  all 
bear  the  inscription  ADLOCVTIO  •  S  •  C.  Montigny,  19-21.  Cohen, 
I.,  p.  229,  No.  104  ;  2d  Ed.,  I.,  p.  320,  No.  6.  Cf.  note  to  No.  13. 

OTHO. 

22.  IMP  •  M  •  OTHO  -CAESAR  •  AVG  •  TR  •  P  •     Head  of  Otho  r. 

Rev.    SECVRITAS  •  P  •  R  •     Securitas  standing   1.,   holding 

wreath. 

Denarius.  Imitation  of  a  genuine  coin.  Montigny,  22.  Cohen,  I.  253, 
No.  13  ;  2cl  Ed.,  I.,  p.  353,  No.  16. 

2v     IMP  •  OTHO  •  CAESAR  •  AVG  •  TR  •  POT  •     Head  of  Otho  r. 

Rev.  SECVRITAS  •  P  •  R  •  -  S  •  C  •  The  emperor  standing 
r.,  before  an  altar,  extending  his  hand  toward  four  soldiers 
who  carry  standards. 

Large-brass.  Types  invented  by  Cavino.  No  copper  coins  of  Otho  were 
struck  at  Rome.  Montigny,  23.  Cohen,  I.,  p.  254,  Note  I.  2d  Ed.,  I. 
p.  354,  Note  i. 

24.  IMP  -OTHO  •  CAES  •  AVG  •  P  •  M  -COS  •  II  •  Head  of  Otho  r. 

Rev.     SECVRITAS  •  P  •  R  •     Securitas   standing  1.,   holding 

wreath. 

Large-brass.  Imitated  from  a  denarius,  No.  22.  Montigny,  24.  Cohen, 
2d  Ed.,  I.,  p.  354,  Note  i. 

25.  IMP  •  OTHO  -CAESAR  •  AVG  •  TR  •  P  •     Head  of  Otho  r. 

Rev.  S  •  C  •     Figure  standing  in  a  temple. 

Middle-brass.  Montigny,  25.  Cohen,  2d  Ed.,  I.,  p.  354,  Note  i.  See 
note  to  No.  23. 

VlTELLIUS. 

26.  A  -VITELLIVS  •  GERMANICVS  •  IMP   •  TR   •   P.       Head   of 

Vitellius  r. 

Rev.  MAT  •  AVG  •  MAT  •  SEN  •  MAT  •  PATR.  Female  (Julia 
Domna)  seated  1.,  holding  olive  branch  and  sceptre. 


1  2  1M1TATIVK    MKDA1.-. 

Denarius.  The  reverse-type  and  inscription  belong  to  Julia  Domna,  but  it 
does  not  appear  that  Cavino  engraved  an  obverse-die  for  this  empress. 
Montigny,  26. 

27.  A  •  VITELLIVS  •  GERMANICVS  •  IMP  •  AVG  •  P  •  M  •  TR  •  P  . 

liust  of  Vitellius  r.,  laureate. 

Rev.  HONOS  •  ET  •  VIRTVS.— S  •  C  •  Honos  and  Virtus 
standing  face  to  face,  one  with  foot  on  dolphin,  the  other  on 
tortoise. 

Large-brass.  The  dolphin  and  tortoise  are  not  found  on  the  genuine  coins 
of  this  type.  Montigny,  27.  Cohen,  I.,  p.  262,  No.  69;  2d  Ed.,  I.,  p. 
359,  No.  38. 

28.  A  •  VITELLIVS  -GERMAN  •  IMP  •  AVG  •  P  •  M  •  TR  •     Bust  of 
Vitellius  r.,  laureate. 

Rev.  S  •  C  •  Mars  helmeted,  walking  r.,  carrying  trophy  over 
his  shoulder,  and  spear. 

Large-brass.     Imitation  of  a  genuine  coin  with  similar  inscription  on  obverse. 
Monligny.  28.     Cohen.  I.,  p.  265,  No.  86  ;  2d  Ed.  I.,  p.  362,  No.  78. 
In  addition  to  the   '  Paduans'  there  are  modern  dies  of  two  other  coins  of 
Vitellius: 

i.  A     VITELLIVS     GERM      IMP  •  AVC      P      M      TR    P.    Head 
of  Vitellius  r. ,  laureate. 

Rev.  PAX  •  AVCVSTI  •  —  S  •  C  •  The  emperor  standing  ].,  giving 
his  hand  to  a  soldier.  Middle-brass.  Cohen.  2d  Ed.  I.,  p.  361,  No.  68. 
The  obverse  inscription  on  the  genuine  coin  is  GERMAN  •  IMPi  etc. 

2._A  VITELLIVS  CERMA  IMP  AVC-  P  M  •  TR  P. 
Bust  of  Vitellius,  r.,  draped  and  laureate.  Rev.  SECVRITAS  P 
ROMAN!  —  S  C.  Securitas  seated  1. ,  near  an  altar  by  the  side  of  which 
is  a  torch.  Large— brass.  This  coin  is  imitated  from  a  middle-brass  coin 
having  a  different  obverse-inscription,  and  a  cornucopia  instead  of  a  torch 
near  the  altar  on  the  obverse.  Cohen,  2d  Ed.,  I.,  p.  362,  No.  83. 

VESPASIAN. 

29.  IMP  •  CAES   •   VESP   •  AVG   •  P   -  M  -COS  •  Illl.     Head   of 

Vespasian  r.,  laureate. 

Rev.  IMP  •  The  emperor  in  a  quadriga  r.,  holding  sceptre 
and  branch. 

Denirius.  The  genuine  coins  of  this  type  have  no  inscription  on  the 
reverse.  Montigny,  30.  Cohen,  L,  p.  296,  No.  234;  2d  Ed.,  I.,  p.  382, 
Note  I,  and  p.  418.  No.  643. 

30.  IMP  •  CAESAR  •  VESPASIANVS  • AVG  •  P  •  M  •  T  •  P  • P  •  P  • 

C  •  V.     Bust  of  Vespasian  r.,  laureate. 

Rev.  IVDAEA  •  CAPTA. — S  •  C.  Judcea,  mourning,  seated  r., 
beneath  palm-tree  ;  behind  stands  male  captive. 

Large-brass.  The  inscription  of  the  obverse  is  not  found  on  genuine  coins. 
Montigny,  31.  Cohen,  I.,  p.  306,  No.  307;  2d  Ed..  L.  p.  385,  No.  239. 


IMITATIVE    MEDALS.  13 

31.  IMP  •  CAES  •  VESPASIAN  •  AVG  •  P  •  M  •  TR  •  P  •  P  •  P  •  COS  • 

III.     Bust  of  Vespasian  r.,  laureate. 

Rev.  HONOS  •  ET  •  VIRTVS.— S  •  C.  Honos  and  Virtus, 
standing  face  to  face. 

Large-brass.  Imitation  of  a  genuine  coin.  Montigny,  33.  Cf.  Cohen, 
I.,  p.  304,  No.  297  ;  2d  Ed.,  I.,  p.  382,  No.  202. 

32.  Similar  obverse. 

Rev.  ROMA  •  RESVRGES.— S  .  C.  The  emperor  standing 
1.  raising  Roma,  at  whose  side  stands  Virtus. 

Large-brass.  Imitation  of  a  genuine  coin.  Montigny,  29.  Keary,  122. 
Cohen,  I.,  p.  317,  No.  392;  2d  Ed.,  I.,  p.  400,  No.  425. 

33.  Similar  obverse. 

Rev.  S  •  C.  Mars,  naked,  walking  r.,  carrying  trophy  and 
spear. 

Large-brass.  Imitation  of  a  genuine  coin.  Montigny,  32.  Cf.  Cohen,  I., 
p.  320,  No.  413  ;  2d  Ed.,  I.,  p.  401,  No.  441. 

34.  Similar  obverse. 

Rev.  SPES  •  AVGVSTA— S  •  C.  Spes  standing  1.,  extending 
her  hand  to  the  emperor,  who  is  accompanied  by  two  soldiers. 

Large-brass.  On  the  genuine  coin  Spes  holds  a  flower  in  her  hand  and  one 
of  the  soldiers  carries  a  standard.  Montigny,  34.  Cohen,  I.,  p.  326,  No. 
461  ;  2d  Ed.,  L,  p.  408,  No.  514  ;  II.,  p,  223,  No.  1408. 

TlTUS. 

35.  DIVO  •  AVG  •  T  •  DIVI  •  VESP  •  F  •  VESPASIAN.— S  •  C.     Titus 

seated  1.,  holding  laurel  branch  ;  around  him,  arms,  etc. 

Rev.  View  of  the  Flavian  Amphitheatre   or  Colosseum  from 
above.;  to  1.,  the  Meta  Sudans. 

Large-brass.  Imitation  of  a  genuine  coin.  Montigny,  35.  Cohen,  I.,  p. 
359,  No.  163  ;  2d  Ed.,  I.,  p.  461,  No.  399. 

36.  IMP  •  T  •  CAES  •  VESP  •  AVG  •  P  •  M  •  TR  •  P  •  P   •  P  •  COS  • 

VIII.     Bust  of  Titus  1.,  laureate. 

Rev.  Similar  to  obverse  of  No.  35. 

Large-brass.  This  obverse  and  reverse  are  not  found  together  on  genuine 
coins.  Keary,  123. 

37.  Similar  obverse. 

Rev,  IVDAEA  •  CAPTA. — S  •  C,  Judrea,  mourning,  seated 
r.  beneath  palm-tree ;  behind,  male  captive  standing  r., 
around  him,  arms. 

Large-brass.  Imitation  of  a  genuine  coin.  Montigny,  36.  Keary,  124. 
Cf,  Cohen,  I.,  p.  363,  No.  187  ;  2d  Ed.,  I.,  p.  439,  No.  114. 


14  IMITATION    MEDALS. 

38.  IMP  •  T  •  CAES  •  VESP  •  AVG  •  P  •  M  •  TR  •  P  •    P  •  P  •  COS  • 

VIII.     Bust  of  Titus  r.,  laureate. 

Rev.  Similar. 

Large-brass.  Imitation  of  a  genuine  coin.  Montigny,  37.  Cohen,  2d  Ed., 
I-,  P-  439,  No:  114. 

39.  Similar  obverse. 

Rer.  S  •  C.  Mars,  helmeted,  walking  r.,  carrying  trophy 
over  his  shoulder,  and  spear. 

Large-brass.  Genuine  coins  with  this  reverse  have  a  different  inscription 
on  the  obverse.  Montigny,  38.  Cf.  Cohen,  I.,  p.  373,  Nos.  259-262  ;  2d 
Ed.,  I.,  p.  446,  Nos.  198-203. 

There  are  modern  dies  of  another  large-brass  of  Titus,  with  the  following 
reverse  :  ITALIA.  Italia  seated  on  a  globe,  wearing  turreted  crown. 
Cohen,  VII.,  p.  78,  nota  ;  2d  Ed.,  I.,  p.  461,  note  I. 

DOMITIAN. 

40.  IMP  •  CAES  •  DOMIT  •  AVG   •  GERM   •  COS  •  XVII  •  CENS  • 

PER  •  P  .  P.  Bust  of  Domitian  r.,  laureate,  in  paludamentum. 
Rev.  PONT  -  MAX  •  TR  •  P  -VIII  •  LVD  •  SAEC.— S  •  C.  The 
emperor  seated  1.,  upon  a  suggestum,  receiving  offerings 
from  a  woman  and  child  ;  before  him  a  basket  ;  on  the  side 
of  the  platform,  SVF  P  •  D  • ;  behind,  temple. 

Large-brass.   The  genuine  coin  of  this  type  bears   on  the  reverse  the  in- 
scription COS  •  XI III  •  LVD  •  SAEC.— S  •  C.    Montigny,  39.  Cohen, 
VII.,  p.  80,  No.  305  ;  2d  Ed.,  I.,  p.  477,  No.  Si,  and  p.  502,  note  i. 
There  are  three  other  modern  dies  of  this  type  which  differ  from  Cavino's 
in  several  respects  : 

i°.  IMP  CAES  DOMIT  AVC  GERM  COS  Xllll  PERP 
P  •  P.  Head  r.,  laureate.  Rev.  Similar,  but  with  TR  •  P  •  VII. 

2°.  IMP  CAES  DOMIT  AVC  GERM  COS  XII  CENS 
PER  P  P.  Head  r.,  laureate.  Rev.  Similar,  but  with  TR  P 
VIII ;  and  SPQQO  on  the  front  of  the  platform. 

3°.   IMP     CAES     DOMIT     AVG     GERM      COS     Xllll     CENS 

PER  •  P  •  P.  Head  r.,  laureate.  Rev.  Same  as  preceding  reverse. 
Cohen,  VII.,  p.  80,  No.  305. 

41.  Similar  obverse. 

Rev.  SPES  •  AVGVSTA.— S  •  C.  Spes  standing  1.,  extending 
her  hand  toward  the  emperor  who  is  standing  between  two 
soldiers. 

Large-brass.  This  reverse  belongs  to  Vespasian,  No.  34.  Cohen,  2d  Ed., 
II.,  p.  223,  No.  1408. 

DOMITIA. 

42.  DOMITIA  •  AVGVSTA  -  IMP  •  DOMIT.     Head  of  Domitia  r. 

Denarius.  The  reverse  die  for  this  obverse  is  not  known.  It  may  have 
been  used  with  reverse  of  No .  26,  which  has  no  corresponding  obverse. 
Montigny,  40.  Cf.  Cohen,  2d  Ed.,  I.,  p.  535,  No.  I. 


IMITATION  MEDALS.  15 

NERVA. 

43.  IMP  •  NERVA  •  CAES  •  AVG  •  P  •  M  •  TR  •  P  •  COS  •  II  •  P  •  P. 

Head  of  Nerva  r.,  laureate. 

Rev,  ADLOCVT  •  AVG.— S  •  C.  The  emperor  standing  1.,  on 
a  platform  addressing  four  soldiers. 

Large-brass.     Imitation  of  a  genuine  coin.    Montigny,  42.     Cf.  Cohen,  I., 
p.  473,  No.  66  ;  2d  Ed.,  II,  p.  i,  No.  I. 

44.  Similar  obverse. 

Rev.  CONGIAR  •  P  •  R.— S  •  C.  The  emperor  holding 
scroll  seated  r.,  on  curule  chair  placed  on  a  suggestum, 
presiding  at  a  congiarium  ;  before  him,  a  praefect  distribut- 
ing gifts  to  a  citizen  who  is  mounting  the  steps  of  the  sug- 
gestum ;  behind,  soldiers,  and  Liberalitas. 

Large-brass.     Imitation  of  a  genuine  coin.     Montigny,  41.    Cf.  Cohen,  I., 
p.  475,  No.  81  ;  2d  Ed.,  II.,  p.  4,  No.  37. 

TRAJAN. 

45.  IMP  •  CAES  '  NERVAE  •  TRAIANO  •  AVG  •  GER     DAC  •  P  •  M  • 

TR  •  P  •  COS  •  V  •  P  •  P.     Bust  of  Trajan  r.,  laureate. 

Rev.  S  •  P  -Q  •  R  -OPTIMO  •  PRINCIPI.—S  -C.  River 
god  reclining  1.,  under  an  arch  supported  by  two  columns  • 
beneath,  AQVA  •  TRAIANA. 

Large-brass.     Imitation  of  a  genuine  coin.     Montigny,  43.     Cohen,  II., 
p.  50,  No.  307  ;  2d  Ed.,  II.,  p.  20,  No.  23. 

46.  IMP  •  CAES  •   NER  •  TRAIAN  •  OPTIM  •  AVG  •  GERM  •  DAC. 

Bust  of  Trajan  r.,  laureate,  in  paludamentum. 

Rev.    PARTHICO  •  P  •  M  •  TR  •  P  •  COS  •  VI  •  P  •  P  •  S  •  P  • 

Q  •  R      Head  of  Sol  r.,  radiate. 

Denarius.     The  S  on  the  reverse  of  the  imitative  coin  is  reversed.      Mon- 
tigny, 44.  Cohen,  II.,  p.  18,  No.  99  ;  2d  Ed.,  II.,  p.  38,  No.  188. 
There  are  also  two  other  modern  dies  of  large-brass  coins  of  Tiajan,  both 
imitated  from  genuine  coins  : 

i. -IMP      CAES       NERVAE       TRAIANO       AVG   •   CER 
DAC      P      M      TR      P      COS      VI      P      P      Bust  r.,  laureate.    Rev. 
S       P      Q       R      OPTIMO       PRINCIPI.     BASILICA      VLPIA 
S  •  C.    A  grand  edifice,  adorned  with  statues.     Large-brass.     Cohen,  II., 
p.  51,  No.  319  ;  2d  Ed.,  II.,  p.  22,  No.  44. 

2.— Similar  obverse.  Rev.  PORTVM  •  TRAIANI.  S  •  C.  Walls 
of  an  hexagonal  port,  vessels  at  anchor  within.  Large-brass.  Cohen,  II., 
p.  59,  No.  366  ;  2d  Ed.,  II.,  p.  49,  No.  306. 

HADRIAN. 

47.  HADRIANVS  •  AVGVSTVS.     Bust  of  Hadrian  r.,  in  cuirass  and 

paludamentum. 

Rev.  FELICITATI  •  AVG.— COS  •  III  •  P  •  P  •  S  •  C.  (lalley 
sailing  r.,  with  two  ranks  of  oars,  bearing  standards,  and  in 
the  bow,  statue  of  Neptune,  holding  sceptre. 


l6  IMITATIVE    MEDALS. 

Large-brass.  On  the  genuine  coins  there  are  eight  rowers  in  the  first  row 
and  six  in  the  second,  while  the  "  Paduan  "  has  ten,  and  eight  ;  and  on 
the  genuine  coins  Neptune  holds  a  trident  in  place  of  a  sceptre.  Montigny, 
45.  Cohen,  II.,  p.  212,  No.  876  ;  2d  Ed.,  II.,  p.  167,  No.  710.  Keary, 
125. 

48.  Similar  obverse. 

Rev.  FID  •  EXERCIT.  —  S  '  C.  The  emperor  addressing  three 
soldiers. 

Large-brass.  This  reverse-type  is  not  found  on  the  genuine  coins  of 
Hadrian.  Montigny,  46.  Cohen,  II.,  p.  213,  note  I  ;  2d  Ed.,  II.,  p. 
167,  note  i. 

49.  HADRIANVS  •  AVG  •  COS  -III  •  P  •  P.      Bust  of  Hadrian  r.,  in 

paludamentum. 

Rev.  Bridge  ;  to  1.,  circular  building. 

Medallion.  Type  invented  by  Cavino.  Cf.  Montigny,  47.  Cohen,  II., 
p.  172,  No.  576;  2d  Ed.,  II.,  p.  234,  No.  1508. 

50.  IMP  •  CAESAR  •  TRAIAN  •  HADRIANVS  •  AVG.  Bust  of  Hadrian 

r.,  in  cuirass  and  paludamentum. 

Rtv.  COS  •  III  '  NEP.     Galley  with  rowers. 

Denarius.  The  genuine  coin  with  this  reverse-type  is  without  the  inscrip- 
tion NEP.,  and  the  obverse-inscription  is  different.  Montigny,  48.  Cohen, 
II.,  p.  123,  note  i  ;  2d  Ed.,  II.,  143,  No.  445. 

ANTINOUS. 

51.  OCTIAIOC  •  MAPKCAAUC  •  0  •  IEPEYC  -TOY  •  ANTINOOY. 

Bust  of  Antinous  r.,  in  paludamentum. 

Rev.  TOIC  •  AXAIOIC  •  ANEeHKE.     Mercury  with  caduceus 

holding  back  Pegasus. 
Medallion.     Montigny,  92.     Keary,  126. 

52.  ANTINOOC  •  HPOC.     Bust  of  Antinous  r.,   crowned  with  ivy, 

wearing  cuirass  and  paludamentum. 

Rev.  MAGIS  •  VICI  •  SED  •  TIBI.  Horseman  r.,  piercing 
with  his  spear  another  horseman  whose  horse  has  fallen  ;  in 
the  background  r.,  triumphal  arch. 

Medallion.  Cf.  Armand,  I.,  p.  182,  No.  22.  This  rare  medal  was  formerly 
owned  by  M.  His  de  la  Salle,  and  was  sold  with  his  collection  at  London, 
in  1880  (No.  207  of  the  catalogue  of  the  sale).  It  was  purchased  by  M.  Al- 
fred Armind,  to  whom  I  am  indebted  for  its  description.  See  No.  99. 


53.  L  •  AELIVS  •  CAESAR.     Bust  of  ^Elius  r.,  draped. 

Rev.     PANNONIAE  •  CVRTA  •  AEL—  S  •  C.      Two   persons 
facing  each  other,  one  seated,  the  other  standing. 
Large-brass.     This  type  is  not  found  on  the  genuine  coins  of  /Elius.      Mon- 
tigny,  50.     Cf,   Rasche,   Lexicon  universae  rei  numariae  veterum,  III,  2d 
pt.,  485. 


JMITATIVE    MEDALS.  17 

54.  L  •  AELIVS  '  CAESAR.     Head  of  ^Elius  r. 

Rev.  TR  •  POT  •  COS  •  II  •  S  •  C— CONCORD.     Concordia 

seated  1.,  holding  cornucopia  and  patera. 

Large-brass.  Imitation  of  a  genuine  coin.  Montigny,  49.  Cf.  Cohen, 
II.,  p.  270,  No.  28  ;  2d  Ed.,  II.,  p.  258,  No.  7. 

ANTONINUS  Pius. 

55.  ANTONINVS  •  AVG  •  PIVS  •  P  •  P  •  TR  •  P  •  XVI.     Head  of  An- 

toninus r. 

Rev.  COS  -III.  The  emperor  standing  r.,  receiving  an 
olive-branch  from  Roma,  who  is  seated  1.  upon  a  cuirass  and 
crowned  by  Victory  standing  behind. 

Large-brass.  The  reverse-type  belongs  to  a  medallion  of  Lucius  Verus, 
No.  62.  Montigny,  51. 

In  addition  to  the  '  Paduan  '  there  are  modern  dies  of  three  medallions  of 
Antoninus  Pius,  the  types  of  which  are  not  found  on  genuine  medallions. 

i.— ANTONINVS      AVG     PIVS     P     P      TR     P     COS  •  Nil. 

Head  of  Antoninus  Pius  r. 

Rev.  Bacchus  and  Ariadne  seated  r.  ;  a  panther  at  the  feet  of  Bacchus  ; 
facing  them,  Silenus  holding  wine  cup  ;  to  1.,  a  slave  carrying  plate  ;  to  r., 
two  Bacchantes,  one  playing  on  a  flute,  the  other  on  a  tambourine  ;  in  the 
centre,  a  term  and  a  satyr.  Cohen,  II.,  p.  336,  No.  425  ;  VII.,  p.  137, 
No.  425  ;  2d  Ed.,  II.,  p.  397,  note. 

2. — Similar  obverse  (same  die  as  the  preceding  obverse). 
Rev.    Hercules   standing  r.,   before  a  tree,  holding  club,   bow  and  lion's 
skin  ;  upon  a  rock  before  him  is  Telephus  suckled  by  a  hind.     Cohen,  II., 
P-  337,  No.  430  ;  VII.,  p.  137,  No.  430  ;  2d  Ed.,  II.,  p.  397,  note. 

3.— ANTONINVS  •  AVG     PIVS     P     P     TR     P     XI     COS 
Illl.    Bust  of  Antoninus  Pius  r. ,  laureate,  wearing  aegis. 
Rev.    Theseus   fighting   the   centaurs;    to   1. ,    Eurytus   carrying   off    Hip- 
podameia  ;  and  a  dead  centaur  on  the  ground  ;  to  r.,  one  of  the  Lapithse 
fighting;  in  the  back-ground,   temple  with  four  columns.     Cohen,  II.,  p. 
338,  No.  436  ;  VII.,  p.  137,  No.  436;  2d  Ed.,  II.,  p.  397,  note. 

MARCUS  AURELIUS. 

56.  M  •  ANTONINVS  •  AVG  •  TR  •  P  •  XXIX.    Bust  of  M.  Aurelius  r., 

laureate,  in  cuirass  and  paludamentum. 

Rev.  IMP  •  VII  •  COS- III.  Victory  seated  r.  on  shield, 
holding  palm,  and  on  her  knees  a  shield  inscribed  VIC  '  AVG.; 
in  front,  trophy. 

Medallion.  Imitation  of  a  genuine  medallion.  Montigny,  52.  Cohen, 
II.,  p.  503,  No.  367.  Cavino  engraved  two  obverse  dies  for  this  medal, 
which  differ  but  slightly  in  workmanship. 

57.  AVRELIVS  •  CAESAR  •  AUG  •  Pll  •  F  •  COS  •  T.  Bust  of  M.  Au- 

relius r.,  in  cuirass  and  paludamentum. 

Rev.  TR  •  P  •  VII  •  IMP  •  Illl  •  COS  •  III  •  P  •  P.  Jupiter 
seated  r.,  on  the  seven  hills  of  Rome,  receiving  the  emperor 
who  holds  Victory  and  is  crowned  by  Virtus. 

Medallion.  The  reverse  type  belongs  to  a  medallion  of  Lucius  Verus,  No. 
60.  Montigny,  53.  Keary,  127.  Cohen,  II. ,  p.  507,  note. 


1 8  IMITATIVE   MEDALS. 

58.  Similar  obverse. 

Rev.  A  seated  figure  (Argos),  near  a  building,  working  at 
the  prow  of  a  ship  ;  before  him  stands  Minerva  leaning  on  a 
shield  inscribed  VIC  '  AVG. 

Medallion.  On  the  genuine  medallion  the  inscription  of  the  obverse  is 
COS  •  II  •  and  on  the  reverse  the  shield  bears  a  griffin  in  place  of  VIC  • 
AVG.  Cohen,  II.,  p.  511.  No.  400;  VII.,  p.  164,  No.  400. 

FAUSTINA,  junior. 

59.  FAVSTINA-AVG  •  ANTONINI  •  AVG  •  P.I  •  FIL  Bust  of  Faustina 

r.,  draped,  hair  bound  with  fillet. 

Rev.  S  •  C.  The  empress  and  five  veiled  women  sacrificing 
to  r.  and  1.  of  an  altar  before  the  temple  of  Vesta  ;  a  statue  is 
seen  in  the  cella. 

Medallion.     Imitation   of  a  genuine   medallion.     Montigny,   54.     Keary, 

128.     Cf.  Cohen,  II.,  p.  588,  No.  101. 

Lucius  VERUS. 

60.  L  •  VERVS  -AVG  -ARM  •  PARTH  •  MAX  •  TR  •  P  •  VMM.      Bust 

of  L.  Verus  r.,  laureate. 

Rev.  TR  •  P  •  VM  •  IMP  •  MM  •  COS  •  III  •  P  •  P.  Jupiter 
seated  r.  upon  the  seven  hills  of  Rome  receiving  the  emperor 
who  holds  Victory  and  is  crowned  by  Virtus. 

Medallion.     The   genuine   medallion   is  without    P  '  P  •  on  the  reverse. 

Montigny,  55.     Cohen,  III.,  p.  16,  No.  97. 

61.  L  •  VERVS  •  AVG  •  ARM  •  PARTH  •  MAX.     Bust  of  L.  Verus  L, 

laureate. 

Rev.  TR  •  P  •  VM  •  IMP  -  MM  -  COS  •  III.     Same  type. 

Medallion  Imitation  of  a  genuine  medallion.  Montigny,  56.  Cohen, 
III.,  p.  16,  No.  97.  See  No.  57. 

62.  L  •  VERVS  •  AVG  •  ARM  •  PARTH  •  MAX  •  TR  •  P  •  VMM.  Bust  of 

L.  Verus  r.,  laureate,  in  cuirass  and  paludamentum. 

Rtv.  COS  •  111.  The  emperor  standing  r.,  receiving  an 
olive  branch  from  Roma  who  is  seated  1.  on  a  cuirass  and 
crowned  by  Victory,  standing  behind. 

Medallion.  Imitation  of  an  ancient  medallion.  Montigny,  57.  Cohen, 
III.,  p.  14,  No.  92. 

63.  Similar  obverse. 

Rev.  Same  as  reverse  of  No.  58. 

Medallion.  This  reverse-type  belongs  to  Marcus  Aurelius,  No.  58.  Mon- 
tigny, 58. 

COMMODUS. 

64.  M  •  COMMODVS  •  ANTONINVS  •  AVG  •  PIVS  •  BRIT.     Bust  of 

Commodus  r.,  laureate,  in  cuirass  and  paludamentum. 


IMITATIVE    MEDALS.  19 

Rev.  P  •  M  •  TR  •  P  •  X  •  IMP  •  VI  •  COS  •  III  •  P  •  P.— 
SALVS.  Salus  seated  1.,  holding  patera  to  serpent  which  is 
twined  round  a  tree  ;  before  her,  statue  (of  ^Esculapius  ? ) 
upon  a  column. 

Medallion.  The  reverse  of  this  beautiful  medallion  is  imitated  from  a 
large-brass  coin.  Montigny,  59,  and  Le  Cabinet  de  1'Amateur,  IV.,  p.  20, 
ills-  Keary,  129.  Cohen,  III.,  p.  118,  note  and  p.  168,  No.  735.  This 
reverse  was  also  used  with  the  obverse -die  bearing  the  head  of  Cosimo 
Scapti,  No.  108. 

In  addition  to  the  '  Paduan  '  there  is  a  modern  die  of  another  medallion  of 
Commodus,  with  Annius  Verus  ;  Obv.  COMMODVS  •  CAES  • 
VERVS  •  CAES-  Youthful  busts  face  to  face  of  Commodus  and  Annius 
Verus  ;  each  wears paludamentum.  Rev.  TEMPORVM  •  FELICITAS. 
The  four  seasons  represented  by  four  children  with  attributes.  Cf-  Cohen, 
II.,  p.  608,  No.  i.  This  piece  is  an  exact  imitation  of  a  genuine  med- 
allion, except  that  the  hair  on  the  head  of  Commodus  is  raised  from  the 
forehead,  as  on  the  coins  of  Pompeius. 

PERTINAX. 

65.  IMP  •  CAES  •  P  •  HELV  •  PERTINAX  •  AVG.      Bust  of  Pertinax 

r.,  laureate. 

Rev.  PROVIDENTIAE  •  DEORVM  •  COS  •  II.— S-  C.  Female 
figure  standing  1.,  extending  her  hand  toward  a  globe. 

Large-brass.     On  genuine  coins  the  globe  is  always  radiate.     Montigny, 

60.  Cohen,  III.,  p.  205,  No.  44. 

In  addition  to  the  '  Paduan  '  there  is  a  very  deceptive  modern  middle- 
brass  coin  of  Pertinax,  imitated  from  a  genuine  large-brass  :  Obv.  IMP  • 
CAES  P  HELV  PERTINAX  AVC.  Head  of  Pertinax  r., 
laureate.  Rev.  LIB  •  AVC  •  TR  P  •  COS  •  II.-S  •  C.  Liberalitas 
standing  facing,  head  1.,  holding  tessera  and  cornucopia.  A  genuine 
middle-brass  has  a  similar  reverse,  but  the  obverse  inscription  is  different, 
and  the  head  is  radiate.  Friedlsender,  Ein  Verzeichniss  von  Griechischen 
falschen  Mtlnzen  .  ,  .  Berlin,  1883,  p.  50.  Cf.  Cohen,  III.,  p.  204,  Nos. 
35  and  36. 

DlDIUS   JULIANUS. 

66.  IMP  •  CAES  •  M  •  DID  •  SEVEH  •  IVLIAN  •  AVG.    Bust  of  Didius 

Julianus  r.,  laureate. 

Rev.  P  •  M  '  TR  •  P  •  COS.     Fortuna  standing  1. 

Denarius.     The  inscription  on  the  genuine  coin  is  SEVER-    Montigny, 

61.  Cohen,  III.,  p.  208,  No.  6. 

67.  IMP  •  CAESAR  •  M  -  DID  •  SEVERVS  •  IVLIAN  •  AVG  •  P  •  P. 

Bust  of  Didius  Julianus  r.,  laureate,  in  cuirass  and  paluda- 
mentum. 

Rev.  COS  •  II. — S  •  C.     Quadriga  1.,  horses  in  high  action  ; 

above  Victory  flying  r.,  crowning  the  charioteer. 
Medallion.     The  reverse  is  imitated  from  Syracusan  decadrachms.     Mon- 
tigny, 62.     Keary,  130.     Cohen,  III.,  p.  209,  note. 

ALBINUS. 

68.  CLOD  •  SEPT  •  ALBIN  -  CAES.     Head  of  Albinus  r. 

Rev.  ITALIA. — S  •  C.     Italia  seated,  holding  Victory. 


20  IMITATIVE    MEDALS. 

Large-brass.     This  reverse  is  not  found  on  the  genuine  coins  of  Albinus, 
Montigny,  63. 

SEPTIMIUS  SEVERUS. 

69.  L  •  SEPTIMIVS  •  SEVERVS  •  PERTINAX  •  AVG  •  IMP  •  VII.  Bust 

of  Sept.  Severus  r.,  laureate. 

Rev.   DIVI  •  M  •  Pll  •  F  •  P  •  M  •  TR  •  P  •  Illl  •  COS  •  II  •  P  •  P. 

Mars  standing,  leaning  on  a  shield  and  spear  ;    behind  him, 

cuirass. 

Medallion.     Imitation  of  a  genuine  medallion.     Montigny,  64.     Cf.  Cohen, 
III.,  p.  290,  No.  467. 

CARACALLA. 

70.  M  •  AVRELIVS  •  ANTONINVS  •  PIVS  •  AVG  •  BRIT  •  P  •  M  -TR  • 

P  •  XVI.     Bust  of  Caracalla  r.,  laureate,  in  cuirass  and  paluda- 

mentum. 

Rev.  IMP  •  II  •  COS  •  III!  •  P  •  P.— S  •  C.  The  emperor  in 
triumphal  car  drawn  by  four  horses  walking  r. 

Medallion.     The  reverse  is  imitated  from  a  large-brass  of  Titus.   Montigny, 

65.     Cohen,  III.,  p.  413,  No.  382  ;   VII.,  p.  221,  No.  382. 

GETA. 

71.  IMP  •  CAES  •  SEPT  •  GETA  •  PIVS  •  AVG  •  PONT  •  TR  •  POT  • 

COS  -II  •  P  •  P.     Bust   of   Geta   r.,  laureate,    in   cuirass   and 

paludamentum. 

Rev.  ADLOCVTIO.  The  emperor  accompanied  by  two  per- 
sons on  a  platform,  addressing  his  soldiers  ;  behind,  horse. 

Large-brass.     There   are    no  genuine   coins    of   Geta  with    the   Adlocutio 

reverse.     Montigny,  66.     Cohen,    VII.,    p.    227,    No.    472.      Cf.   note  to 

No.   13. 

ELAGABALUS. 

72.  IMP  •  CAES  •  M   •  AYR  •  ANTONINVS  •  PIVS  •  AVG.     Bust  of 

Elagabalus  r.,  laureate. 

Rev.  SACERD  •  DEI  •  SOUS  •  ELAGAB.— S  •  C.  The  em- 
peror standing  L,  sacrificing  at  an  altar  ;  in  the  field  1., 
star. 

Large-brass.     Imitation  of  a  genuine  coin.      Montigny,   69.     Cohen,  III. » 
p.  542.  No.  222. 

The  following  dies  by  Cavino  have  no  corresponding  obverse  and  reverse  : 
MACRINUS.    Rev.   PONT      MAX     TR  •  P     II     COS  •  II  -P     P.    The 
emperor   in    a   quadriga,    crowned  by  Victory.      Denarius.    Montigny,    67. 
Cohen,  III.,  p.  493,  No.  39. 

DIADUMENIANUS.      Obv.     M   •    OPEL       ANT       DIADVMENIANVS  • 
CAES.    Head  r.     Denarius.     Montigny,  68. 

In  addition  to  Cavino's  imitative  coins  there  are  modern  dies  of  a  large- 
brass  of  Julia  Paula,  and  of  medallions  of  Severus  Alexander  and  Mamsea. 

JULIA  PAULA.     IVLIA  •  PAVLA  •  AVC.    Bust  of  Julia  Paula  r. 

Rev.   CONCORDIA  •  AETERNA.    S  •  C.      Elagabalus  standing  r.^ 
giving  his  hand  to  Julia  Paula  ;  between  th.e.ni  stands  Concordia,  facing. 


IMITATIVE   MEDALS.  21 

Large-brass.  Cohen,  III.,  p.  549,  No.  19.  The  A  and  V  on  this  imita- 
tive piece  are  much  narrower  and  sharper  than  on  the  genuine  coins. 

SEVERUS  ALEXANDER  and  JULIA  MAM.KA.  i. — IMP  •  SEV  •  ALEX- 
AMD  •  AVG  IVLIA  MAMAEA  AVG  MATER  AVC. 
Busts  of  Severus  Alexander  and  Julia  Mamaea  face  to  face  ;  Severus  in 
paludamentum  and  cuirass  ;  Mamaea  draped  and  wearing  stephane. 
Rev.  FELICITAS  •  TEMPORVM.  Alexander  seated  1.  on  curule 
chair,  holding  globe  and  roll  ;  and  crowned  by  Victory  standing  behind  ; 
before  him  stands  Julia  Mamaea  (?)  r. ,  holding  sceptre,  and  behind,  Felici- 
tas  (?),  standing  1.  Imitation  of  a  genuine  medallion.  Cohen,  IV.,  p.  70, 
No.  6. 

2. — Similar  obverse. 

Rev.  PONTIF  MAX  TR  P  V  COS  II  P  P.  The  Baths 
of  Severus  Alexander.  Imitations  of  a  genuine  medallion.  Cohen,  IV.,  p. 
71,  No.  10. 


HOMER. 

73.  OMHPOC.     Bust  of  Homer  r.,  draped. 

Rev.  Male  figure  wearing  helmet  and  cuirass  standing  be- 
tween Jupiter  and  Ceres  seated  ;  before  him,  eagle  and 
Victory  ;  beneath,  sea  and  land  personified. 

Contorniate.  The  inscription  on  the  genuine  contorniate  is  always 
f/'MEPOC.  Montigny,  94.  Cohen,  VI.,  p.  554,  No.  I.  Mazzuchelli, 
I.,  p.  7,  pi.  II.,  4. 

MITHRADATES  VI.  (the  Great)  Eupator  (Dionysus)  B.  c. 
121-63. 

74.  Head  of  Mithradates  r.,  with  flowing  hair. 

Rev.  BA^IAE/l^  •  MIGPAJATOY  ;  EYnATOPO^.  Stag 
feeding  1.,  in  the  field  1.,  star  and  crescent,  and  2\<£  ;  in  the 
field  r.,  monogram  (IAYP)  and  Q\2 ;  all  in  wreath  of  ivy- 
leaves  and  berries. 

Tetradrachm.  Copy  of  a  genuine  coin.  Montigny,  93.  Friedlsender, 
Ein  Verzeichniss  von  Griechischen  falschen  Miinzen  .  .  .  Berlin,  1883. 
PP-  34-5- 

ARTEMISIA. 

75.  APTEMI^IA^  •  BA^IAI^^A.     Head  of  Artemisia  1.,  veiled. 

Rev.  MAY^jflAEION.    Mausoleum  surmounted  by  quadriga, 
and  ornamented  with  statues. 
Medallion.     Types  invented  by  Cavino.     Montigny,  91. 

76.  Head  of  Hercules  r.,  within  ornamented  circle. 

Rev.  Hercules  standing  1.,  leaning  on  a  long  club,  receiving 
from  Deianeira  the  garment  steeped  in  the  blood  of  Nessus  ; 
in  the  exergue,  eagle  and  rB ;  all  within  ornamented  circle. 
Medallion.     Montigny,  90.     Cicognara,  II.,  pp.  426-30. 


22 


PORTRAIT    MEDALS. 


No.  80. 

PORTRAIT  MEDALS. 

ACCOLTI  (Benedetto),  b.   at  Florence  in  1497  ;    archbishop  of 
Ravenna  in  1525  ;  cardinal  in  1527  ;  d.  1549. 

77.  BE  •  ACCOLTVS  •  CAR  •  RAVEN NAE.     Bust  of  cardinal  Accolti 

r.,  wearing  cardinal's  cap. 

Rev.  OPTIMIS  •  ARTIBVS.   A  light  house  with  two  torches  ; 

beneath,    Neptune   r.,    reclining   upon    the   waves,    holding 

trident. 

Dia.   34  m.     Armand,   I.     Montigny,   77.     Mazzuchelli,  L. ,  7,     Litta,  I., 
Accolti. 

ANTONINI  (Floriano). 

78.  FLOR1ANVS  •  ANTONINVS  •  ANDRE/t  •  F  (ilius).      Bust    of 

Floriano  Antonini  r.,  draped. 

Rev.  AETERNITATI  •  SACRVM  (in  ex.).  A  group  of  per- 
sons  standing  before  an  edifice  of  two  stories. 

Dia.  37  m.     Armand,  2.     Montigny,  81.     Mazzuchelli,  LXIV.,  5. 

BASSIANO  (Alessandro),  and  Giovanni  CAVING. 

79.  ALEXAND  '  BASSIANVS  •  ET  •  IOHAN  •  CAVINEVS  •  PATAVINI. 

Jugate  busts  of  Alessandro  Bassiano  and  Giovanni  Cavino  r., 

in  Roman  dress. 

Rev.  GENIO  •  BENEVOLENTIAE  •  DVLCIS.  Genius  stand- 
ing 1.,  holding  dolphin  on  1.  arm,  and  pouring  incense  on  an 
altar. 

Dia.  37  m.     Armand,  10.     Keary,  116. 

80.  Similar  obverse. 

Rev.    CERERI    -   LEG  I  FERAE.     Ceres  standing  1.,  holding 
cornucopia  and  book  of  laws. 
Dia.  37  m.     Armand,  9.     Montigny,  70. 

81.  Similar  obverse. 

Rev.   VI RT  •  •  AET  •  -CONS.      Eagle,  with   wings    spread, 


PORTRAIT    MEDALS.  23 

standing  1.  upon  an  overturned  vase,  out  of  which  grows  a 
plant. 
Dia.  37  m.     Armand,  8.     See  also  No.  87. 

BATTAGLINI  (Giovanni). 

82.  IOHANNES  •  BATTAGLINVS.     Bust  of  Giovanni  Battaglini  1. 

Rev.  EN  •  HAEC  •  VESTI  •  VETE.     Male  figure  seated  near 
an  edifice  in  ruins. 
Dia.  37  m.     Armand,  3. 

BENAVIDI  (Giovanni  Pietro  Mantova),  a  celebrated  physician 
of  Padua  ;  d.  1520. 

83.  10   •  PET   •   MAN  •   BONAVf   •   MEDICVS  •    PATER.     Bust  of 

Gianpiero  Benavidi  1.,  in  loose  robe. 

Rev.    AETERNITAS   •   MANT.     Fapade  of  temple  of  eight 
columns  ;  within,  a  statue. 
Dia.  37  m.     Armand,  4.      Montigny,  82.     Mazzuchelli,  XXXVI.,  4. 

BENAVIDI  (Marco  Mantova),  son  of  the  preceding,  b.  1489  ;  he 
held  the  chair  of  jurisprudence  at  the  university  of  Padua  ; 
knighted  by  Charles  V.,  1545  ;  d.  1582. 

84.  MARCVS  •  MANT  •  BONAVIT  •  PATAVIN  •  IVR  •  CON.     Bust  of 

Marco  Mantova  Benavidi  1.,  in  loose  robe. 

Rev.  Similar  to  obverse  of  No.  83. 
Dia.  38  m.     Armand,  5.     Mazzuchelli,  LXXXIV.,  2. 

85.  Similar  obverse. 

Rev.  AETERNITAS  •  MANT.     Same  as  reverse  of  No.  83. 

Dia.  38  m.  Armand,  6.  Montigny,  83.  Keary,  114.  Mazzuchelli, 
LXXXIV,  5. 

86.  Similar  obverse. 

Rev.  LVCAS  •  SALVIONVS  •  PAT  •  IVR  •  CON.    Same  as  ob- 
verse of  No.  107. 
Dia.  38  m.     Armand,  32.     Montigny,  95. 

87.  MARCVS  •  MANTVA  •  BONAVITVS  •  PATAVINVS  •  IVR  •  CON. 

Bust  of  Marco  Mantova  Benavidi  1.,  in  Roman  dress. 

Rev.    ALEXAND   -  BASSIANVS  •  IT  •  IOHAN  •  CAVINEVS  • 

PATAVIN  I.     Same  as  obverse  of  No.  77. 

Dia.  37  m.  Armand,  7.  Mazzuchelli,  LXXXIV.,  4.  Cicognara,  II., 
p.  426. 

CAVING,  see  BASSIANO. 

CONTARINI  (Marcantonio),  a  patrician  of  Venice,  surnamed  "il 
Filosofo";  d.  circ.  1550. 

88.  M  •  ANTONIVS  •  CONTARENVS.      Bust   of   Marcantonio  Con- 

tarini  1.,  in  Venetian  tunic. 


24  PORTRAIT    MEDALS. 

Rev.    PAT  AVI  VM  —  M    •   D   •  XL.      Female   figure    (Padua), 

helmeted,  seated  1.  on  arms,  holding  scales  and  cornucopia. 

Dia.  40  m.   Armand,  n.   Montigny,  Si.   Keary,  106.   Mazzuchelli,  XLV.,  5. 

CORNARO  (Girolamo),  rector  of  the  University  of  Padua. 

89.  HIER  •  CORNELIVS.     Bust   of   Girolamo   Cornaro  r.,  in  loose 

tunic. 

Rev.     PAVPERTATIS    •    PATAVIN/t    •  TVTOR.— M    •    D    • 
XXXX.     Cornaro  seated  1.  in  curule  chair  on  platform,  feed- 
ing the  poor;    beneath  chair,    dog  r.;  on  platform,  DEO 
OPT  •  FAV. 

Dia.  36  m.  Armand,  12.  Montigny,  80.  Keary,  115.  Cicognara,  II., 
426-30. 

DECIANO  (Tiberio),  a  lawyer,  b.  in  Auronzo,  1508  ;  became  a 
magistrate  of  Udine,  and  in  this  capacity  defended  the  priv- 
ileges of  that  town  ;  d.,  1581.  He  left  several  treatises  and 
commentaries  on  civil  and  canon  law. 

90.  TIBERIVS  •  DECIANVS  •  IVR  •  CON  •  VTINENSIS  •  AN  •  XL 

Bust  of  Tiberio  Deciano  r.,  in  Roman  dress. 

Rev.  HONESTE  VIVAS  •  ALTERV  •  NON  •  UtDAS  •  IVS  • 
SVV  •  CVIQ  •  TRIBVAS.— IVRISPRVDENCI/E.  Deciano 
kneeling  r.  offering  table  of  law  to  Jurisprudence  seated  1., 
beside  her  stand  Justice  and  Peace,  holding  laurel-wreath 
above  her  head. 

Dia.    38   m.     Armand,     13.     Montigny,    86.     Keary,    100.     Mazzuchelli, 

LXXXIV.,  i. 

DULCI  (Giovanni  An.  Vin.),  a  jurist  of  Padua,  b.,  1482. 

9r.  10  •  AN  •  VI N  •  DVLCIVS  •  IVR  •  CON  •  CAN  •  PAT  AVI  N  •  AETA  • 
LVII.— 1539.     Bust  of  Dulci  1. 

Rev.  GEN  10  •  BENEVOLENTIAE  •  DVLCIS.  Same  as  re- 
verse of  No.  79. 

Dia.  37  m.     Armand,  14.     Montigny,  88. 
GEMMI  (Girolamo). 

92.  HIERONIMVS  •  GEMMI.     Bust  of  Girolamo  Gemmi  1.,  in  tunic 

and  cloak. 

Rev.   PAT  AVI  VM.     Woman  holding  back  horse  galloping  1. 
Dia.  37  m.     Armand,  16.     Keary,  107. 

GRIMANI  (Marino),  Venetian  ;  created  cardinal  in  1528  ;  he 
was  legate  of  the  Pope  at  Perugia  and  gained  the  gratitude  of 
the  inhabitants  of  that  city  by  his  wise  administration  ; 
d.,  1546. 

93.  MARINVS  '  GRIMANVS  •  S  •  R  •  E  •  CARD.      Bust   of  cardinal 

Grimani  r.,  in  cardinal's  cape. 


PORTRAIT    MEDALS.  25 

Rev.   PASTORIS  •  MVNVS.     Male  figure  standing  1.,  holding 

vase  and  staff. 

Dia.  36  m.  Armand,  17.  Montigny,  73.  Mazzuchelli,  LVII.,  6.  Tresor 
de  Num.,  I.,  XXXV.,  4. 

94.  MARINVS  •  GRIMANVS  '  CAR  •  LEGATVS.      Bust    of    cardinal 

Grimani  r.,  in  cape. 

Rev.  PERVSIA  •  SVRGE  (in  ex.).     The  cardinal  standing  r., 
giving  his  hand  to  a  fallen  female  (Perugia). 
Dia.  34  m.     Armand,  II.,  p.   175,  No.  9.     Mazzuchelli,  LVII.,  7. 

GUALTERUZZI  (Goro). 

95.  GORVS  •  GVALTERVTIVS.     Bust  of  Goro  Gualteruzzi  1. 

Rev.  PATAVIVM.     Same  as  reverse  of  No.  92. 
Dia.  34  m.     Armand,  18. 

JULIUS  III.  (Giovanni  Maria  del  Monte),  b.,  1487  ;  elected 
Pope  in  1550  ;  d.,  1555. 

96.  IVLIVS  •  TERTIVS  •  PONT  •  MAX  •  A  •  V.— 10  •  CAVINO  •  P. 

Bust  of  Pope  Julius  III.  r.,  in  papal  robes. 

Rev.  ANGLIA  •  RESVRGES.— VT  •  NVNC  •  NOVISSIMO  • 
DIE.  The  pope  in  papal  robes  and  tiara,  giving  his  hand  to 
kneeling  female  (England) ;  by  his  side  stand  Queen  Mary, 
Charles  V.,  Philip  II.,  and  Cardinal  Pole. 

Dia.  48  m.  Armand,  27.  Tresor  de  Num.,  Med.  pap.,  IX.,  4*  Bolzen- 
thal,  p.  loo.  Bonanni,  Numismata  pont.  rom.,  I.,  15,  243.  This  rare 
medal  was  struck  to  commemorate  the  reconciliation  of  England  with  the 
Pope,  and  the  re-establishment  of  |the  dominion  of  the  Romish  church.  It 
has  been  imitated  in  recent  times. 

LUDOVISI,  see  PANICO. 
MELSI  (Giovanni),  a  jurist  of  Milan. 

97.  IOANNES  •  MELSIVS  •  IVR  •  C.     Bust  of  Giovanni  Melsi  r.,  in 

loose  robes. 

Rev.  GENIO  •  MELSI.  Genius  standing  1.,  holding  cornu- 
copia, and  pouring  incense  on  an  altar. 

Dia.  36m.     Armand,  20.     Mazzuchelli,  LXXXIIL,  5. 

MONTE  (Balduino  del),  brother  of  Pope  Julius  III.  ;  made 
count  of  Montesansavino  in  1550  ;  d.,  1556. 

98.  BALDVINVS    •    DE   •    MONTE  •   COMES.      Bust   of  Balduino 

del  Monte  1.,  draped. 

Rev.  PROVIDENTIA  •  CHRIST.     Female  standing,  holding 

sceptre  and  rudder  ;  before  her,  a  globe. 
Dia.  37  m.     Armand,  21.     Montigny,  75. 

99.  Similar  obverse. 

Rev.  MAG  IS  •  VICI  •  SED  •  TIBI.  Horseman  r.,  piercing 
with  his  spear  another  horseman  whose  horse  has  fallen  ; 
in  the  background  r.,  triumphal  arch. 


26  PORTRAIT    MEDALS. 

Dia.  40  m.  Armand,  22.  Montigny,  74.  Mazzuchelli,  LX.,  6.  Litta,  I.,  del 
Monte.  This  reverse,  which  is  larger  than  the  obverse,  belongs  to  a  medal 
of  Antinous  (No.  52). 

ORTENBURG  (Bernhardt,  Count  of). 

too.  BER  •  COM  •  ORTENBVRG  •  XIX.      Bust   of  the   Count   of 
Ortenburg  r.,  in  cuirass. 

Rev.  A  warrior  about  to  bridle  a  free  horse. 
Dia.  39  m.     Armand,  24. 

PANICO  (Girolamo,  Count  of),  a  citizen  of  Padua.     He  was  a 
poet,  and  having  become  blind  he  was  named  Tiresias. 

LUDOVISI  (Pompeo),  father  of  Gregory  XV. ;  was  several  times 
a  magistrate  of  Bologna,  and  died  podesta  of  Lojano,  1565. 

101.  HIERONYMVS  •  PANICVS  •  PAT  •  POMPEIVS  •  LVDOVISIVS  • 

BON.     Jugate  busts  of   the  Count  of   Panico   and    Pompeo 
Ludovisi  1.,  one  in  embroidered,  the  other  in  plain  tunic. 

Rev.  TVTARE  •  COLENTES  •  ET  •    NOS    •    ET    •   TVA  • 
SIGNA  •  PI  VS.     Two  shields. 
Dia.  37  m.     Armand,  26.     Keary,  no. 

102.  Similar  obverse. 

Rev.  GENIO    •    BENEVOLENTIAE    •    DVLCIS.      Same   as 
reverse  of  No.  79. 
Dia.  37  m.     Armand,  25. 

PASSERI  (Marcantonio),  b.,  1491  ;  professor  of  Philosophy  at 
the  University  of  Padua  ;  d.,  1565. 

103.  M  •  ANTON  I VS  •  PASSERVS  •  PATAVIN.     Bust  of  Marcantonio 

Passeri  r.,  in  loose  robe. 

Rev.  PHILOSOPHIA  '  CO  MITE  •  REGREDIMVR.    Human 
figure  formed  of  two  bodies  joined,  having  one  head  with 
two  faces. 
Dia.  37  m.     Armand,  28.     Montigny,  78.     Mazzuchelli,  LXIX.,  3. 

104.  M  •  ANTON  I  VS  •   PASSERVS  •   PAT.     Similar  bust. 

Rev.  PHILOSOPHIA-  DVCE  •  REGREDIMVR.     Same  type. 
Dia.    37   m.     Armand,    29.     Montigny,    79.     Mazzuchelli,  LXIX.,  4. 

105.  Similar  to  obverse  of  No.  103. 

Rev.  SVPER  •  ASPIDEM.  Female,  half  draped,  standing 
1.,  raising  her  hands  toward  the  sun,  and  crushing  a  serpent 
with  her  foot. 

Dia.  37  m.  Kluyskens,  Des  hommes  celebres  dans  les  sciences  et  les  arts... 
Gand,  1859,  II.,  p.  300. 

QUIRINI  (Francesco),  patrician  of  Venice,  poet  and  warrior. 
He  wrote  in  1544. 

106.  FRANC  •  QVIRINVS.     Bust  of  Francesco  Quiririi  r.,  in  Roman 

dress. 


PORTRAIT    MEDALS.  2J 

Rev.  PERPETVA         SO  BOLES.      Romulus    and    Remus 

suckled  by  the  wolf  r. 

Dia.  37  m.  Armand,  30.  Montigny,  76.  Mazzuchelli,  XLIV.,  4,  The 
reverse  alludes  to  the  pretended  descent  of  the  Quirini  family  from 
Romulus,  who  was  called  Quirinus  after  his  deification.  We  find  both 
Romulus  and  Remus  spoken  of  in  Juvenal  zs>  gemini  Quirini  (li,  105). 

SALVIONI  (Luca),  a  jurist  of  Padua. 

107.  LVCAS  •  SALVIONVS  •  PAT    •    IVR    •   CON.      Bust  of  Luca 

Salvioni  r.,  in  loose  robe. 

Rev.  CERERI   •  LEG  I  FERAE.     Same  as  reverse  of  No.  80. 
Dia.  37   m.     Armand,   31.     Montigny,    95.     Keary,   113.       Mazzuchelli, 
XCVI.,  9. 

See  also  No.  86. 
SCAPTI  (Cosimo). 

1 08.  COSMVS  •  SCAPTIVS.     Head  of  young  Cosimo  Scapti  r. 

Rev.  P  •  M  •  TR  •  P  •  X  •  IMP  •  VI  •  COS  •  III  •  P  •  P.— 
SALVS.  Salus  seated  1.  holding  patera  to  a  serpent  which 
is  twined  round  a  tree  ;  before  her,  statue  (of  ^Esculapius  ?) 
upon  a  column. 

Dia.  37  m.  Armand,  33.  Keary,  108.  Same  reverse  as  imitative  coin 
of  Commodus,  No.  64. 

VERZI  (Niccolo),  a  jurist  of  Capo  d'Istria. 

109.  NIC- VERTIVS- P-F- IVSTIN  •  IVRE -CON.   Bustof  Niccolo 

Verzi  r.,  in  tunic. 

Rev.  CERERI  •  LEG  I  FERAE.     Same  as  reverse  of  Nos.  80 

and  107. 
Dia.  37  m.     Armand,  35.     Keary,  112.     Mazzuchelli,  XCIII.,  2. 

no.  Similar  obverse. 

Rev.  SVPER  •  ASPIDEM.     Same  as  reverse  of  No.  105. 
Dia.  37  m.     Armand,  34.     Montigny,  87.     Mazzuchelli,  XCIII.,  I. 

ZUPONI  (Giovanni  Paolo),  a  citizen  of  Padua. 

in.  10  •  PAVLVS  •  ZVPONVS  •  PATAVINVS.      Head  of  Giampolo 
Zuponi  r. 

Rev.  VIRT  •  •  AET  -  •  CONS.     Same  as  reverse  of  No.  81. 
Dia.  37  m.     Armand,  36.     Montigny,  89.     Keary,  in. 


CHRIST. 

112.  IESVS    •   LIBERATOR    •    ET    •    SALVATOR.— 1565.       IOAN 
CAVINVS  •  PA.     Bust  of  Christ  1.,  with  1.  hand  raised. 

Rev.  DEVS  •  TRINVS  •  ET  •  VNVS.     God,  with  three  faces, 
upon  a  globe  ;  to  r.  and  1.,  head  of  cherub  ;  beneath,  two 
angels  blowing  trumpets. 
Dia Armand,  19.     Montigny,  71.     Cicognara,  II.,  426-30. 


28 


PORTRAIT    MEDALS. 


113.  PORVS  '  CON  SI  LI  I  •  FILIVS.— IOANES  CAVINVS.     Bust  of  Christ  r., 
draped. 

Rev.  OMNIA  •  SVRSVM  •  TRACTA  -  SVNT.  Christ  on  the 
Cross,  at  the  foot  of  which  are  Mary,  Mary  Magdalene,  and 
John. 

Dia.  37  m.  Zeitschrift  flir  Numismatik,  VIII.,  1881,  p.  119,  ills.  The  ob- 
verse inscription  is  explained  by  a  passage  of  Plato  (Symp.  203  b.  c.),  where 
mention  is  made  of  a  mythological  person  called  H6poft  "  the  way,"  the  son 
of  M/7nf  "  Counsel,"  and  Zeus.  This  Poros,  married  to  Penia,  "Poverty" 
begat  Eros,  "Love."  Plato's  myth  has  thus  been  seized  upon  by  Cavino 
as  a  beautiful  and  poetic  prophecy  of  Christ. 


ALPHABETICAL  LIST 

OF   THE   REVERSE    INSCRIPTIONS. 


ADLOCVTIO,  Caligula,    13  ;    Nero,  19  ;    Galba,    21  ;    Nerva,    43  ; 

Geta,  71. 

AETERNITAS  •  MANT,  Benavidi  (G.  P.),  83  ;  Benavidi  (M.  M.),  85. 
AETERNITATI  •  SACRVM,  Antonini,  78. 
AGRIPPINA    DRVSILLA   IVLIA,  Caligula,  9,  10. 
ANGLIA  -  RESVRGES.— VT  •  NVNC  •  NOV1SSIMO  •  DIE,  Julius  III., 

96. 

ANNONA  •  AVGVSTI  •  CERES,  Nero,  16. 
AVGVSTI.— POR  •  OST,  Nero,  18. 

BA2IAE.02  •  MI0PAJATOY  •  EYJTATOPO^,  Mithradates  VI.,  74. 

CERERI  •  LEG  I  FERAE,  Bassiano   and   Cavino,   80;    Salvioni,  107; 

Verzi,  109. 

CONGIAR  •  P  •  R,  Nerva,  44. 
COS  •  II,  Didius  Julianus,  67. 
COS  -III,  Antoninus  Pius,  55  ;  Lucius  Verus,  62. 
COS  •  III  •  NEP,  Hadrian,  50. 

DECURSIO,  Nero,  17. 

DEVS  •  TRINVS  •  ET  •  VNVS,  Christ,  112. 

DIVO  -AVG,  Caligula,  n,  12. 

DIVI  •  M  -  Pll  •  F  •  P  •  M     TR  •  P  •  III)  •  COS  •  II  •  P  •  P,  Septimius 

Severus,  69. 
DIVO  •  AVG  .  T  .  DIVI  •  VESP  •  F  •  VESPASIAN,  Titus  36. 

EN  •  HAEC  •  VESTI  •  VETE,  Battaglini,  82. 

FELICITATI  -  AVG.— COS  •  III  •  P-  P.     Hadrian,  47. 
FID"  EXERCIT,  Hadrian,  48. 

GEN  10  •  BENEVOLENT! AE  .  DVLCIS,    Bassiano    and   Cavino,    79  ; 

Dulci,  91  ;  Panico  and  Ludovisi,  102. 
GENIO  •  MELSI,   Melsi,  97. 


30  ALPHABETICAL    LIST 

HONESTE  •  VIVAS  •  ALTERV  •  NON  •  L/tDAS  •  IVS  •  SVV  •  CVIQ  • 

TRIBVAS.— IVR  IS  PRVDENCI/£,  Deciano,  90. 
HONOS  -ET  •  VIRTVS,  Galba,  20  ;  Vitellius,  27  ;  Vespasian,  31. 

IMP,  Vespasian,  29. 

IMP  •  II  •  COS  •  III!  •  P  •  P,  Caracalla,  70. 

IMP  •  VII  •  COS  •  III.— VIC  •  AVG,  Marcus  Aurelius,  56. 

ITALIA,  Albinus,  68. 

IVDAEA  •  CAPTA,  Vespasian,  30  ;  Titus,  37,  38. 

L  •  BVCA,  Julius  Caesar,  2. 

MAGIS  •  VICI  •  SED  •  TIBI,  Antinous,  52  ;  Balduino  del  Monte,  99. 
MAT  •  AVG  •  MAT  •  SEN  •  MAT  •  PATR,  Vitellius,  26. 
MAY  2H  A  El  ON,  Artemisia,  75. 

NERO  •  CLAVDIVS  •  DRVSVS  •  GERMAN  -IMP,  Claudius,  14. 

OB  -GIVES  •  SER,  Augustus, 4. 

OMNIA  •  SVRSVM  •  TRACTA  •  SVNT,  Christ,  113. 

OPTIMIS  •  ARTIBVS.  Accolti,  77. 

PANNONIAE  •  CVRTA  •  AEL,  Aelius,53. 

PARTHICO  -P-M-TR-P  -COS -VI  -P  -P-S  •  P  •  Q  •  R,  Trajan,  46. 

PASTORIS  •  MVNVS,  Grimani,  93. 

PATAVIVM,  Gemmi,  92  ;  Gualteruzzi,  95. 

PATAVIVM.— M  .  D  •  XL,  Contarini,  88. 

PAVPERTATIS  •  PATAVIN/E  •  TVTOR.— M  -  D  •  XXXX  —DEO  •  OPT  • 

FAV,  Cornaro,  89. 

PERPETVA  •  SOBOLES,  Quirini,  106. 
PERVSIA  •  SVRGE,  Grimani,  94. 

PHILOSOPHIA  •  COMITE  •  REGREDIMVR,  Passeri,  103. 
PHILOSOPHIA  •  DVCE  •  REGREDIMVR,  Passeri,  104. 
P-M-TR-P  •  COS,  Didius  Julianus,  66. 
P  •  M  •  TR  •  P  •  X  •  IMP  •  VI  •  COS  -III  •  P  -  P.— SALVS,  Commodus, 

64  ;  Scapti,  108. 
PONT  '  MAX  '  TR  •  P  '  VIII    •  LVD  •  SAEC.— SVF  -  P  •  D,    Domitian, 

40. 

PROVIDENTIA  •  CHRIST,  Balduino  del  Monte,  98. 
PROVIDENTIAE  •  DEORVM  •  COS  •  ll.Pertinax,  65. 

ROMA  •  RESVRGES,  Vespasian,  32. 
ROME  -T  -AVG,  Tiberius,  5. 

SACERD  '  DEI  •  SOUS  '  ELAGAB,  Elagabalus,  72. 


OF    THE    REVERSE    INSCRIPTIONS.  31 

S  •  C,  Otho,  25  ;  Vitellius,  28  ;  Vespasian,  33  ;  Titus,  39  ;  Faustina, 

junior,  59. 

SECVRITAS  •  P  '  R,  Otho,  22,  23,  24. 

SPES  •  AVGVSTA,  Claudius,  15  ;  Vespasian,  34  ;  Domitian,  41. 
S  •  P  •  Q  •  R  •  MEMORIAE  •  AGRIPPINAE,  Agrippina,  7,  8. 
S  •  P  •  Q  •  R  •  OPTIMO  -PRINCIPI  — AQVA  'TRAI ANA,  Trojan,  45. 
SVPER  •  ASPIDEM,  Passed,  105  ;  Verzi,  no. 

Tl  •  CLAVDIVS  •  CAESAR  •  AVG  •  P  •  M  •  TR  -  P  -  IMP,  Antonia,  6. 

TOIC  •  AXAIOIC  •  ANEoHKE,  Antinous,  51. 

TR  •  POT  •  COS  •  II.— CONCORD,  Aelius,  54. 

TR  •  P  •  VII  •  IMP  •  Illl  •  COS   '   III  •  P  •  P,    Marcus   Aurelius,    57  ; 

Lucius  Verus,  60,  61. 
TVTARE  •  COLENTES  •  ET  •  NOS  •  ET  •  TVA  •  SIGNA  •  PIVS,  Panico 

and  Ludovisi,  101. 

VENI  VIDI  VICI,  Julius  Caesar,  i. 

VIC  •  AVG,  Marcus  Aurelius,  58  ;  Lucius,  63. 

VIRT  •  •  AET  •  •  CONS,  Bassiano  and  Cavino,  81  ;  Zuponi,  in. 


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